{"id":1292,"date":"2008-05-24T22:03:00","date_gmt":"2008-05-24T13:03:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hdmr.org\/d\/?e=10"},"modified":"2008-05-24T22:03:00","modified_gmt":"2008-05-24T13:03:00","slug":"blogn-10","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hdmr.org\/d\/?e=10","title":{"rendered":"Bash\u306e\u4e0a\u3067\u4fbf\u5229\u306a\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u305f\u3061"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\u73fe\u5728\u306eLinux\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u30b7\u30a7\u30eb\u306fbash\u3067\u3059\u3051\u3069\u3001\u4f7f\u3044\u3053\u306a\u305b\u3066\u308b\u3068\u306f\u601d\u3063\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3002<br \/>\u3051\u3069\u4f7f\u3048\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u306f\u601d\u308f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u307e\u3041\u3060\u304b\u3089\u4fbf\u5229\u306b\u4f7f\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3068\u8a00\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u3002<br \/>sh\u3053\u3068Bourne Shell\u3067\u3082\u8db3\u308a\u305d\u3046\u3067\u3059\u3051\u3069\u306d\u3002\u3061\u306a\u307f\u306bbash\u306fBourne Again Shell\u306d\u3002<br \/>\u30b7\u30a7\u30eb\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u3067\u3044\u308d\u3044\u308d\u3084\u308b\u306a\u3089\u77e5\u3089\u306a\u3044\u3051\u3069\u3001\u307e\u3041\u3055\u3059\u304c\u306b\u305d\u308c\u306f\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3057\u3002<br \/>\u5de5\u4f5c\u3059\u308b\u3060\u3051\u306a\u3089Perl\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u5f37\u529b\u3067\u3059\u304b\u3089\u306d\u3002\u5b9f\u306fLinux\u306e\u4e16\u754c\u3067\u306f\u30b7\u30a7\u30eb\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u3068\u5171\u306bPython\u3068Perl\u306f\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u6700\u8fd1Python\u306e\u529b\u304c\u5f37\u3044\u3067\u3059\u306d\u3047\u2026\u307e\u3041\u3053\u308c\u306f\u3069\u3046\u3067\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3060\u3051\u3069\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>bash\u306fWindows\u3067\u3082Cygwin\u4e0a\u3067\u3088\u304f\u89e6\u308c\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u3044\u308d\u3044\u308d\u6709\u7528\u306a\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u306f\u3042\u308b\u3051\u3069\u3001\u5b9f\u306fPerl\u306e\u52d5\u4f5c\u306b\u306fCygwin\u306ePerl\u3092\u4f7f\u3063\u3066\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u305d\u3046\u3001ActivePerl\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3093\u3060\u3002<br \/>\u3067\u3001Perl\u306e\u30b9\u30af\u30ea\u30d7\u30c8\u3092echo\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u4f5c\u308d\u3046\u3068\u3044\u3046\u30a2\u30db\u306a\u8a66\u307f\u3092\u3057\u305f\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u7d50\u8ad6\u304b\u3089\u8a00\u3048\u3070\u5927\u5931\u6557\u306a\u3093\u3060\u3051\u3069\u2026<br \/>\u306a\u305c\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3068\u3001\u307e\u305a1\u3064\u306f\u30c0\u30d6\u30eb\u30af\u30aa\u30fc\u30c6\u30fc\u30b7\u30e7\u30f3\u30de\u30fc\u30af\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3002<br \/>\u3082\u30461\u3064\u306f!\u306e\u53d6\u308a\u6271\u3044\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3002<br \/>\u3068\u3053\u308d\u3067echo\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u6587\u66f8\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u3060\u3051\u3067\u3082\u9a5a\u304f\u4eba\u306f\u591a\u3044\u304b\u3082\u77e5\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<br \/>\u5b9f\u306f\u3042\u307e\u308a\u73cd\u3057\u3044\u3053\u3068\u3067\u306f\u306a\u3044\u3002\u305f\u3068\u3048\u3070\u3001&#8221;foo&#8221;\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u306emd5\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u305f\u3044\u3068\u304d\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u306f<\/p>\n<pre>$ echo -n \"foo\"|md5sum<\/pre>\n<p>\u6163\u308c\u308c\u3070\u305d\u3093\u306a\u3082\u3093\u3060\u304c\u3001\u306a\u304b\u306a\u304b\u6163\u308c\u306a\u3044\u304b\u3082\u3057\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3002<br \/>echo -n\u306f\u6539\u884c\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u3092\u5165\u308c\u306a\u3044\u3067\u5f15\u6570\u3092\u30aa\u30a6\u30e0\u8fd4\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3067\u5f15\u6570\u306b\u306ffoo\u3092\u6307\u5b9a\u3057\u305f\u3068\u3002<br \/>\u3053\u308c\u3092\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u3067\u308f\u305f\u3057\u3066\u3001md5sum\u3092\u53d6\u3063\u3066\u308b\u3068\u3002<br \/>\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u3067\u6e21\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u884c\u70ba\u306f\u3001\u4e00\u65e6\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u8aad\u307f\u53d6\u308b\u884c\u70ba\u306b\u4e00\u898b\u4f3c\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u305d\u3046\u3044\u3046\u4fbf\u5229\u306a\u6a5f\u80fd\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3001\u52b9\u7387\u3088\u304f\u7269\u4e8b\u3092\u3067\u304d\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u975e\u5e38\u306b\u9577\u3044\u7d50\u679c\u3092less\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u77ed\u304f\u533a\u5207\u3063\u3066\u8aad\u3093\u3060\u308a\u3001grep\u3067\u7269\u3092\u63a2\u3057\u305f\u308a\u3002<br \/>\u4ee5\u524d\u3084\u3063\u3066\u305f\u306e\u304c\u3001<\/p>\n<pre># rpm -qa | grep foo | less<\/pre>\n<p>\u307f\u305f\u3044\u306a\u3053\u3068\u3002rpm -qa\u306f\u3059\u3079\u3066\u306e\u30a4\u30f3\u30b9\u30c8\u30fc\u30eb\u3055\u308c\u3066\u308b\u3084\u3064\u304c\u51fa\u3066\u304f\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3001grep\u3067\u691c\u7d22\u3057\u3066\u3001less\u3067\u77ed\u304f\u3057\u3066\u8aad\u3080\u3068\u3002<br \/>less\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u4e00\u822c\u7684\u3060\u3051\u3069\u3001\u50d5\u306fmore\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u597d\u304d\u3060\u306a\u3002more\u306f\u4f4e\u6a5f\u80fd\u3060\u3051\u3069\u3001\u610f\u5916\u3068\u3044\u3044\u3002<br \/>\u3042\u3068\u3001\u30ea\u30c0\u30a4\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u7d50\u69cb\u4fbf\u5229\u3002<br \/>\u51fa\u3066\u304f\u308b\u60c5\u5831\u3092\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u6a5f\u80fd\u3060\u304c\u3001\u81ea\u4f5c\u30d7\u30ed\u30b0\u30e9\u30e0\u3067\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u5165\u51fa\u529b\u3092\u7c21\u7565\u5316\u3059\u308b\u306e\u306b\u305f\u307e\u306b\u3084\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>$ grep foo < in.txt<br \/>$ echo \"foo\" > out.txt<br \/>$ echo \"add\" >> out.txt<\/pre>\n<p>\u307e\u305a\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u5165\u308c\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3060\u304c\u3001<\u306e\u5f8c\u306b\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u540d\u3092\u4ed8\u3051\u308b\u3060\u3051\u3067\u6a19\u6e96\u5165\u529b\u304b\u3089\u5165\u308c\u305f\u3053\u3068\u306b\u306a\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u306e\u3068\u304d\u3059\u3063\u98db\u3070\u3057\u305f\u3051\u3069\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u5165\u51fa\u529b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u304c\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u5165\u529b\u306f\u30ad\u30fc\u30dc\u30fc\u30c9\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u51fa\u529b\u30fb\u6a19\u6e96\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u51fa\u529b\u306f\u753b\u9762\u306b\u3064\u306a\u304c\u3063\u3066\u307e\u3059\u3002<br \/>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u3001\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u306f\u524d\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u51fa\u529b\u3092\u6b21\u306e\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u5165\u529b\u306b\u3064\u306a\u3052\u308b\u3068\u3002<br \/>\u3067\u3001\u3053\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u5165\u51fa\u529b\u306fWindows\u306b\u3044\u3066\u3082\u3042\u307e\u308a\u610f\u8b58\u3057\u306a\u3044\u3051\u3069\u3001Linux\u3067\u306f\u4f7f\u3044\u307e\u304f\u308b\u3002<br \/>grep\u306e\u5834\u5408\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u5185\u3092\u691c\u7d22\u3059\u308b\u3068\u304d\u306b\u306f<\/p>\n<pre>$ grep foo in.txt<\/pre>\n<p>\u3067\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u304b\u305d\u3063\u3061\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u3088\u3055\u3052\u3002<br \/>\u3051\u3069\u3053\u3093\u306a\u66f8\u304d\u65b9\u3082\u60aa\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3002<br \/>>\u3082>>\u3082\u6a19\u6e96\u51fa\u529b\u3092\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u52b9\u679c\u306f\u540c\u3058\u3002>\u306f\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u6539\u3081\u3066\u3001>>\u306f\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306b\u8ffd\u8a18\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u9055\u3044\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u5b9f\u306f\u3053\u306e\u6a5f\u80fd\u306f\u7c21\u5358\u306a\u30c6\u30ad\u30b9\u30c8\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4f5c\u6210\u306b\u3082\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u3002\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u982d\u306e\u65b9\u3067\u66f8\u3044\u305f\u306a\u3002<br \/>echo\u3067\u3064\u3089\u3064\u3089\u66f8\u3044\u3066\u3001\u30ea\u30c0\u30a4\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u3067\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u3092\u4f5c\u3063\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u610f\u5916\u3068\u4fbf\u5229\u3002<br \/>\u3053\u306e\u30ea\u30c0\u30a4\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u306e\u5148\u306f\u3044\u308d\u3044\u308d\u3042\u308b\u3051\u3069\u3001\/dev\/null\u306b\u66f8\u304d\u51fa\u3059\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u4f7f\u3048\u308b\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>$ .\/foo >\/dev\/null 2>&1<br \/>$ dd if=\/dev\/random count=1 2>\/dev\/null | md5sum<\/pre>\n<p>1\u3064\u76ee\u306e\u306fcrontab\u3067\u3088\u304f\u4f7f\u308f\u308c\u308b\u3088\u306a\u3002<br \/>cron\u306e\u81ea\u52d5\u5b9f\u884c\u306f\u306a\u3093\u304b\u51fa\u529b\u304c\u3042\u308c\u3070root\u306b\u30e1\u30fc\u30eb\u3092\u9001\u3063\u3066\u304f\u308b\u3002\u3060\u304b\u3089\u305d\u308c\u3092\u963b\u6b62\u3059\u308b\u305f\u3081\u306b\u3053\u3046\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u3067\u3001\u3069\u3046\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u304b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3068\u3001\u307e\u305a\u6a19\u6e96\u51fa\u529b\u3092\/dev\/null\u306b\u6368\u3066\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u6368\u3066\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u8868\u73fe\u3092\u4f7f\u3046\u306e\u306f\u3001\u3053\u3053\u306b\u5165\u3063\u3066\u304d\u305f\u3082\u306e\u306f\u4f55\u3082\u3055\u308c\u305a\u306b\u6368\u3066\u3089\u308c\u308b\u304b\u3089\u3002\u3059\u306a\u308f\u3061\u753b\u9762\u306b\u51fa\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002<br \/>\u305d\u306e\u6b21\u306e2>&#038;1\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u6163\u308c\u306a\u3044\u8868\u73fe\u30022>\u306f2\u756a\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u51fa\u529b\u3092\u3069\u3063\u304b\u306b\u30ea\u30c0\u30a4\u30ec\u30af\u30c8\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3002<br \/>\u305d\u3057\u3066&#038;1\u306f1\u756a\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u51fa\u529b\u3068\u540c\u3058\u3068\u3053\u308d\u306b\u6e21\u3059\u3068\u8a00\u3046\u3053\u3068\u3002\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3053\u308c\u3082\/dev\/null\u306b\u6368\u3066\u3089\u308c\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u3053\u308c\u306e\u5fdc\u7528\u4f8b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u304c\u6b21\u306e\u3067\u3001dd\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3067\u3001\u30e9\u30f3\u30c0\u30e0\u306a\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3092\u4f5c\u6210\u3057\u3066\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u51fa\u529b\u306b\u51fa\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3002\u3053\u308c\u3092\u30d1\u30a4\u30d7\u3067md5sum\u306b\u9001\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u3057\u304b\u3057\u3001\u305d\u308c\u3067\u306fdd\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u306e\u5b9f\u884c\u7d50\u679c\u304c\u6a19\u6e96\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u51fa\u529b\u304b\u3089\u753b\u9762\u306b\u51fa\u3066\u3057\u307e\u3046\u3002\u3060\u304b\u3089\u3001\u6a19\u6e96\u30a8\u30e9\u30fc\u51fa\u529b\u3060\u3051\u6368\u3066\u305f\u3068\u3002<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p>\u3055\u3066\u3001\u521d\u3081\u306e\u8a71\u306b\u623b\u308b\u3002<br \/>\u3053\u306eecho\u30b3\u30de\u30f3\u30c9\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u3067\u3044\u308d\u3044\u308d\u66f8\u3053\u3046\u3068\u601d\u3063\u305f\u306e\u3060\u304c\u3001\u90fd\u5408\u304c\u60aa\u3044\u3002<br \/>\u305d\u308c\u3067\u5076\u7136\u3053\u3093\u306a\u3082\u306e\u3092\u898b\u3064\u3051\u305f\u3002\u30d2\u30a2\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3002<br \/>\u4f7f\u3044\u65b9\u306f\u3055\u307b\u3069\u96e3\u3057\u304f\u306a\u3044\u3002<\/p>\n<pre>$ cat << EOF >foo.pl<br \/>#!\/usr\/bin\/perl<br \/>while(<>){print;}<br \/>EOF<\/pre>\n<p>\u30d2\u30a2\u30c9\u30ad\u30e5\u30e1\u30f3\u30c8\u3068\u3044\u3046\u306e\u306f\u4f55\u304b\u3068\u90fd\u5408\u306e\u60aa\u3044\u8907\u6570\u884c\u306e\u6a19\u6e96\u5165\u529b\u306e\u66f8\u304d\u65b9\u3002<br \/><in.txt\u3068\u66f8\u304f\u3088\u3046\u306b\u3001<<eof\u306a\u3069\u3068\u66f8\u304f\u3002EOF\u3067\u306a\u304f\u3066\u3082\u3044\u3044\u3051\u3069\u3001\u30d5\u30a1\u30a4\u30eb\u306e\u4e2d\u306b\u542b\u307e\u308c\u306a\u3044\u6587\u5b57\u5217\u3058\u3083\u306a\u3044\u3068\u3060\u3081\u3002<br 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